🚧 under construction -> 線性變換
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線代 ⟩ 矩陣 ⟩ 運算 ⟩ 矩陣加法
注意: A\mathbf{A}A 與 B\mathbf{B}B 的行列數必須一樣,才能做矩陣加法
向量加法
Mathematics for 3D Game Programming & Computer Graphics (2nd Edition, 2004)
若 A=[a11a12⋯a1na21a22⋯a2n⋮⋮⋱⋮am1am2⋯amn]\mathbf{A} = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\ a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn} \end{bmatrix}A=a11a21⋮am1a12a22⋮am2⋯⋯⋱⋯a1na2n⋮amn, B=[b11b12⋯b1nb21b22⋯b2n⋮⋮⋱⋮bm1bm2⋯bmn]\mathbf{B} = \begin{bmatrix} b_{11} & b_{12} & \cdots & b_{1n} \\ b_{21} & b_{22} & \cdots & b_{2n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ b_{m1} & b_{m2} & \cdots & b_{mn} \end{bmatrix}B=b11b21⋮bm1b12b22⋮bm2⋯⋯⋱⋯b1nb2n⋮bmn,則:
A+B=[a11+b11a12+b12⋯a1n+b1na21+b21a22+b22⋯a2n+b2n⋮⋮⋱⋮am1+bm1am2+bm2⋯amn+bmn]\mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B} = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11}+b_{11} & a_{12}+b_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n}+b_{1n} \\ a_{21}+b_{21} & a_{22}+b_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n}+b_{2n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{m1}+b_{m1} & a_{m2}+b_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn}+b_{mn} \end{bmatrix}A+B=a11+b11a21+b21⋮am1+bm1a12+b12a22+b22⋮am2+bm2⋯⋯⋱⋯a1n+b1na2n+b2n⋮amn+bmn
或簡寫成:
(A+B)ij=Aij+Bij(\mathbf{A+B})_{ij} = \mathbf{A}_{ij} + \mathbf{B}_{ij}(A+B)ij=Aij+Bij
矩陣符號
矩陣是一種「向量空間」,所以矩陣擁有向量空間的所有性質。
A→Aij\mathbf{A} \to \mathbf{A}_{{\color{orange}ij}}A→Aij 是一種「線性變換」,所以 (∙)ij({\color{blue}\bullet})_{{\color{orange}ij}}(∙)ij 會有線性變換的所有性質。
線性變換性質:
矩陣加法 () 矩陣係數積 ()