the process by which the browser decides which objects to trigger event handlers on.
3 phases of event propagation:
(โcapturingโ phase) occurs before the target handlers are invoked.
target handlers invoked.
(โbubblingโ phase) event bubbling.
most eventsbubble up to the Document object, and then to the Window object, notable exceptions are the โfocusโ โblur,โ and โscrollโ events.